Complete Computer networking notes guides tutorials
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Complete Computer networking notes guides tutorials
Answer:-A network is an inter connected collection of autonomous computer.
There are three types of network
1.LAN
2.MAN
3.WAN
1. LAN:-LAN is a small computer network that are confined to a localized area are known as LAN.
Eg:- office,building,or factory.
2. MAN:-MAN are the network spread over a city can be termed as MAN.
3. WAN:-WAN is a group of computers that a separated by the large distance and tied together.WAN are the network spread across countries are known as WAN.
Eg:-Satellites.
Q2)What is the difference between LAN and WAN?
Answer:-LAN:-(i)Diameter of not more than a few KM.
(ii)A total data rate of at least several Mbps(Mega Beat Per Second).
(iii)Complete ownership by a signal organization.
(iv)Very low error rates.
WAN:-(i)Span entire countries.
(ii)Data rate less than 1 and Mbps.
(iii)Owned by multiple organization.
(iv)it is higher error rates.
Q)What is Internet?
Answer:-The internet is a world wide web network computer network.
Q)What is gateway?
Answer:-A gateway is a device that connects dissimilar network.
Q)What is backbone?
Answer:-A backbone is a central inter connecting structure that connects one or more network just like the trunk of a tree of the spine of a human being.
Q)What is inter space?
Answer:-Inter space is a Clint server software program that allow multiple user to communicate online way real time audio,video,and text chat in dynamic 3D environmental.
Q)What is NODES?
Answer:-A computer becomes a work station of a network as soon as it is attached to a network.
Q)What is server?
Answer:-A computer that facilities the sharing of data software and hardware resources on the network is termed as a server.
Eg:-printer,modem.
Q)How many types of server?
Answer:-There are two types of server
1.NON dedicated server
2. dedicated server
1. NON dedicated server:-It is a small network a work station that can double up as a server is known as NON dedicated server.
2. Dedicated server:-It is bigger network installation there is a computer reserved for servers job and its only job is two help work station access data software and hardware resources.It does not double up as a work station and such as server is known as dedicated server.
Q)What is NIU(Network Interface Unit)?
Answer:-NIU is an interpreter communication the between the server and work station.
Q)What is switching techniques?How many types of switching techniques?
Answer:-Switching techniques are used for transmitting data across network.
There are different types of switching network.
(i)Circuit switching
(ii)Message switching
(iii)Packet switching
Q)What is Transmission media?
Answer:-Transmission media or communication channel of network.It is mean that the connecting cables or connecting media a being talk about.
Q)What is Topology?
Answer:-The pattern of inter connection of NODES in a network is called Topology.
Q)How many types of Topology?
Answer:-There are different types of Topology
(i)Star Topology
(ii)Bus or linear Topology
(iii)Ring or circular Topology
(iv)Tree Topology
(v)Graph Topology
(vi)Mesh Topology
(i)Star Topology:-This topology consist of a central node to which all other NODES re connected by a single path.It is the topology used in most existing information network involving data processing or voice communication.
(ii)Bus or linear Topology:-This consist of a single length of the transmission medium on to which the various NODES are attached.The topology is used in traditional data communication network where the host at one end of the bus communication with several terminals attached along its length.
(iii)Ring or circular Topology:-In this case each NODES is connected to two and only two neighboring NODES.Data is accepted from one of the neighboring NODES and is transmitted on words to another.thus data travel in one direction only from NODE to NODE around the ring.
(iv)Tree Topology:-Tree topology is best application which have a hierarchical flow of data and control.Since the tree topology is a modification of a pure network topology bus topology it is hybrid topology.
(v)Graph Topology:-In this topology NODES are connected together in an arbitrary fashion.A link may or may not connected to or more NODES.There may be multiple links also it is not necessary that all the NODES are connected.but if a path can be established in two NODES VS one or more links it is called a connected graph.
(vi)Mesh Topology:-In this topology each not is connected to more than one NODE to provide an alternative route in the case the host is either down too busy.
Q)What is Modem?
Answer:-A modem is a computer peripheral that allow you to connect and communication with other computer telephone lines.
Q)How many types of modem?
Answer:-There are two types of modem
(i)Internal modem
(ii)External modem
(i)internal modem:-It is fixed with in the computer.
(ii)External modem:-In this modem that are connected externally to a computer as other peripheral are connected.
Q)What is RJ-45?
Answer:-RJ-45 is short form registered Jack 45.RJ-45 is an eight wire connector which is commonly used to connect computer on the local area network that is LAN specially ether nets.The RJ-45 connector looks very much similar to standard telephone connector but it is wider RJ-11 as it house eight wire in street of four RJ-45 is connectors are used to connects and ether nets LAN.
Q)What is Ether net card?
Answer:-Ether net card is a LAN architectural develop by xerox corp if associated with Dec an Intel.Ether net uses bus or star topologies and can support data transfer rates of up to 10 Mbps.
Q)What is Hub?
Answer:-A hub is a hardware device used to connect several computer together.
Q)How many types of Hub?
Answer:-There are two types of Hub:-
(i)Active Hub
(ii)Passive Hub
(i)Active Hub:-It is electricity amplify the signal as it moves from one connected to device to another.
(ii)Passive Hub:-It allow to signal the parts from one computer to another without any change.
Q)What is Switch?
Answer:-A switch is a device that is use to segment network into different sub net called sub-nets of line segment.
Q)What is Repeater?
Answer:-A repeater is a device that amplifies a signal being transmitted on the network.It is used in long network lines which exceed the maximum rated distance for a signal run.
Q)What is Bridge?
Answer:-A bridge is a network device that Establish an intelligent connection between two local network with the same standard but different types of cables.
Q)What is Router?
Answer:-A router is a network device that is used to separate different segment in a network to improve performance and reliability.A router work like a bridge but can handle different protocol.
Q)What is protocol?
Answer:-A protocol is a formal description of message formats and the rules that two or more machines must follow exchange those messages.
Q)What is HTTP(Hyper Text Transfer Protocol)?
Answer:-It is an application level protocol with the lightness and speed necessary for distributed collaborative hyper medium information system.
Q)What is FTP(File Transfer protocol)?
Answer:-It is one of the original services on the internet was design to allow for transferring files from one system to another.
Q)What is TCP/IP(Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol)?
Answer:-TCP/IP is a layered set of protocol in order to understand this means it is useful a typical is situation in sending mail.
Q)What is Data gram?
Answer:-A data gram is a collection of data that is sent as a single message.
Q)What is SLIP(Serial Line Internet Protocol)?
Answer:-SLIP was the 1st protocol for relaing IP packets over dial up lines.
Q)What is PPP(Point to Point Protocol)?
Answer:-PPP is the internet standard for transmission of IP Packets over serial lines.PPP is currently the best solution for dial up internet connection.
Q)What is wireless communication?
Answer:-It is simply data communication without the use of land lines.
Q)What is Mobile computing?
Answer:-It means that the computing device is not continuously connected to the base or central network.
Q)What is GSM(Global System)?
Answer:-It is mobile communication which is one of the loading digital cellular system.
Q)What is SIM(Subscriber identify Module)?
Answer:-It is a chip card,the size of a first class postage stamp.
Q)What is CDMA(Code Division Multiple Access)?
Answer:-CDMA is a digital cellular technology that uses spread spectrum techniques.
Q)What is 3G(Third Generation)?
Answer:-3G is a mobile communication technology is a broad band packet based transmission of text-ed, digitized,voice,video and multimedia a data rates up to an possibly higher that two mega bytes per second(Mbps) of ring a consistent set of service to mobile computer and phone users no matter where they are located in world.
Q)What is SMS(Short Message Service)?
Answer:-SMS is the transmission of short message to and from a mobile phone,Fax machine and IP address.
Q)What is E-mail(Electronic Mail)?
Answer:-E-mail a sending and receiving message by computer.
Q)What is Voice Mail?
Answer:-The voice mail refers to email system that support audio user can leave spoken message for one another and listen to the message by executing the appropriate command in the e-mail system.
Q)What is chat?
Answer:-Online textual talk in real time is called chat.
Q)What is Video conferencing?
Answer:A two way video phone conversation among multiple participants is called video conferencing.
Q)What is WWW(World Wide Web)?
Answer:-WWW is a set of protocol that allow you to access any document on the net through a naming system based on URLS.
Q)What is Web browser?
Answer:-A Web browser is a WWW client that navigates through the world wide web and display web pages.
Q)What is web server?
Answer:-A web server is a WWW server that respond to the request made by web browser.
Q)What is URL(Uniform Resource Locator)?
Answer:-URL is the specifies the distinct address for each resource on the internet.
Q)What is DOMAIN Name?
Answer:-An internet address which is character based is called a Domain name.
Q)What is Website?
Answer:-A location on a net server is called a website.
Q)What is web page?
Answer:-A document that uses HTTP is called a Web page.
Q)What is Web Hosting?
Answer:-Web hosting is a means of hosting web server application on a computer system through which electronic content on the internet is readily available to any web browser client.
Q)What is HTML(Hyper Text Markup Language)?
Answer:-We see on the web page document written in a special language is called HTML.
Q)What is XML(Extensible Markup Language)?
Answer:-XML is a markup language for document containing structure information.
Q)What is DHTML(Dynamic Hyper Text Markup Language)?
Answer:-DHTML refers to web content that changes each times it is viewed.
Q)What is Firewall?
Answer:-The system designed to prevent unauthorized access tool from a private network is called firewall.
Q)What is Cookies?
Answer:-Cookies are message that a web server transmits to a web browser so that the web server can keep track of the users activity on a specific website.
Q)What is crackers?
Answer:-The crackers are the malicious programmer who break into secure system.
Q)What is Hacker?
Answer:-Hackers are the more interested in gaining knowledge about computers system impossibly using this knowledge from playful pranks.
Q)What is cyber law?
Answer:-Cyber law is a generic term which refer to all the legal and regulatory aspects of internet of the world wide web.
It has notes from the computer networking chapter,basic to advance.it is very helpful for computer student.
Complete Computer networking notes guides tutorials